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Den (pharaoh) : ウィキペディア英語版
Den (pharaoh)

Den, also known as Hor-Den, Dewen and Udimu, is the Horus name of an early Egyptian king who ruled during the 1st dynasty. He is the best archaeologically attested ruler of this period. Den is said to have brought prosperity to his realm and numerous innovations are attributed to his reign. He was the first to use the title ''King of Lower- and Upper Egypt'', and the first depicted as wearing the double crown (red and white). The floor of his tomb at Umm el-Qa'ab near Abydos is made of red and black granite, the first time in Egypt this hard stone was used as a building material. During his long reign he established many of the patterns of court ritual and royalty used by later rulers and he was held in high regard by his immediate successors.
==Length of reign==
The Greek historian Manetho called him “Oúsaphaîdos” and credited him with a reign of 20 years,〔William Gillian Waddell: ''Manetho (The Loeb Classical Library, Volume 350)''. Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Mass.) 2004 (Reprint), ISBN 0-674-99385-3, page 33–37.〕 whilst the Royal Canon of Turin is damaged and therefore unable to provide information about the duration of Den's reign.〔Alan H. Gardiner: ''The Royal Canon of Turin''. Griffith Institute of Oxford, Oxford (UK) 1997, ISBN 0-900416-48-3; page 15 & Table I.〕 Egyptologists and historians generally believe that Den had a reign of 42 years, based on inscriptions on the Palermo Stone.〔Wolfgang Helck: ''Untersuchungen zur Thinitenzeit''. (Ägyptologische Abhandlungen, Volume 45), Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1987, ISBN 3-447-02677-4, page 124, 160 - 162 & 212 - 214.〕

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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